Guatemalan Congress strips president’s immunity

GUATEMALA CITY, Guatemala (UPDATED) – Guatemala’s Congress voted Tuesday, September 1, to strip embattled President Otto Perez’s immunity, clearing the way for him to be prosecuted for allegedly masterminding a multi-million-dollar corruption scheme.

A judge then barred Perez from leaving the country, hours after the resolution was passed unanimously by the 132 lawmakers present.

Perez, a conservative ex-military man, earned the dubious distinction of becoming the first president to have his immunity revoked in the Central American country’s history.

After months of unprecedented protests that have swept Guatemala, hundreds of demonstrators outside Congress erupted into jubilant cheers at the news, as passing drivers honked their horns in celebration.

The vote clears the way for prosecutors to charge Perez, a 64-year-old retired general, with running a scheme that allowed businesses to reduce their customs duty by paying bribes to corrupt officials.

Under Guatemalan law, he will be automatically removed from office if remanded in custody by a judge.

Perez’s lawyers filed a motion Monday, August 31, challenging the immunity vote before the Constitutional Court, which is expected to rule by Thursday, September 4.

The 132 votes in favor were well clear of the 2/3 majority needed for the motion to pass in the 158-member legislature.

A congressional investigative committee had recommended 3 days ago that lawmakers revoke Perez’s immunity.

He had survived a similar vote last month – but that was before prosecutors and investigators from a special UN anti-graft commission had accused him of personally pulling the strings of the bribery ring.

Perez has repeatedly denied the allegations and rejected calls from the increasingly virulent protest movement for his resignation.

“I have not received a cent from this fraudulent system,” he said Monday.

“I reiterate my position on the allegations made by the prosecution,” he told a press conference, adding that he is “completely calm,” despite the seriousness of the charges against him.

The scandal, which has already felled his former vice president and a string of top officials, comes as Guatemala prepares for elections Sunday, September 6, to choose Perez’s successor.

Perez, who has been in power since 2012, is constitutionally barred from running for reelection. His term ends on January 14.

The leading candidate to replace him, Manuel Baldizon, had called for Congress to strip his immunity.

Baldizon leads right-wing party Renewed Democratic Liberty, the largest in Congress.

‘Pressure cooker that exploded’

Guatemalans have taken to the streets in protest every week since April, when investigators first accused a top aide to then-vice president Roxana Baldetti of involvement in the corruption.

Baldetti, who resigned as vice president in May, was arrested on August 21 and is in jail awaiting trial over her alleged role in the scheme.

The probe has also nabbed the head of Guatemala’s tax administration, his predecessor and several dozen other agency officials.

Some protesters are calling for Sunday’s elections to be postponed until sweeping political reforms can be implemented in Guatemala, a country of 15.8 million people that is troubled by poverty, drug trafficking and violent crime.

The demonstrations, on a scale never before seen in Guatemala, are “historic,” said Manfredo Marroquin, the director of the local branch of anti-corruption watchdog Transparency International.

“It’s like a pressure cooker that exploded,” he said.

Nobel Peace Prize winner Rigoberta Menchu, a Guatemalan indigenous activist, called on protesters to refrain from violence, accusing Perez of waging a campaign to provoke them.

“I call on Guatemalan society not to fall into the trap of provocation, to reject violence, racial hatred and class warfare being stirred up by hidden powers and people linked to the criminal networks of corruption,” she said in a statement.

Investigators say their accusations are based on some 89,000 wire-tapped phone calls that uncovered a scheme called “La Linea” (the line), named for a hotline businesses would call to access corrupt officials and get illegal discounts on their customs duties.

Perez has been left increasingly isolated by the scandal.

The attorney general’s office, the comptroller’s office and prominent voices in the business community have all joined the calls for him to go.

Six of his 14 ministers have resigned in recent days, along with several other top officials. – Katell Abiven, AFP / Rappler.com