Fears for trapped civilians in strife-hit Iraq, Syria

BAGHDAD, Iraq (UPDATED) – Iraq’s elite forces deployed around Fallujah on Saturday, May 28, marking a new phase in efforts to retake the jihadist bastion, as concern grew for trapped civilians there and in Syria.

After almost a week of shaping operations around Fallujah, the arrival of the counter-terrorism service (CTS) signalled that an assault on the Islamic State group inside the city proper may be imminent.

The deployment of Iraq’s best-trained and most battle-tested fighting unit came as US-backed forces pressed simultaneous offensives against ISIS in both Iraq and Syria.

“CTS forces, Anbar emergency police and tribal fighters… reached Tareq and Mazraa camps” south and east of Fallujah,the top commander in charge of the Fallujah operation, said.

“These forces will break into Fallujah in the next few hours to liberate it from Daesh,” Abdelwahab al-Saadi said, using an acronym for ISIS.

Fallujah, 50 kilometers (30 miles) west of Baghdad, is one of the two remaining major Iraqi cities still in ISIS hands.

CTS spokesman Sabah al-Noman would not comment on the timing of an assault.

ISIS also advanced in Syria’s northern Aleppo province and further east as a Kurdish-Arab alliance backed by the US-led coalition pressed an offensive against Raqa, the jihadists’ de facto capital in Syria.

Raqa is home to an estimated 300,000 people and residents have been paying smugglers $400 (350 euros) each to try to flee after ISIS tightened restrictions on people leaving, the activist group Raqa is Being Slaughtered Silently has said.

Around 165,000 displaced Syrians are also trapped between the closed Turkish border and the town of Azaz, sparking UN concern.

Civilians trapped

“Fleeing civilians are being caught in crossfire and are facing challenges to access medical services, food, water and safety,” the UN refugee agency said.

Concern is also mounting for an estimated 50,000 civilians thought to be trapped inside Fallujah.

“We are receiving hundreds of displaced Iraqis from the outskirts of Fallujah who are totally exhausted, afraid and hungry,” said a statement from Nasr Muflahi, country director for the Norwegian Refugee Council.

“Thousands more remain trapped in the centre of Fallujah, cut off from aid and any form of protection.”

The estimated 1,000 jihadists still in Fallujah are suspected of using civilians as human shields, but the UN refugee agency also said Iraqi forces had blocked supply routes, preventing people from leaving.

Fallujah is the first city to fall out of government control even before ISIS swept through Iraq’s Sunni Arab heartland in June 2014, and is one of ISIS’s most iconic strongholds.

Tens of thousands of Iraqi forces, including the Hashed al-Shaabi umbrella group dominated by Tehran-backed Shiite militias, began a huge operation on May 22-23 to retake it.

Hashed al-Shaabi forces (“Population Mobilization” in Arabic), as well as army and police forces have so far focused on areas east of Fallujah, without entering the city itself.

Noman said the CTS plans to “break into the city”, and the operation was now “shifting to urban warfare after Iraqi forces completed the siege of the city”.

Iraqi forces evacuated 460 people – mostly women and children – on Friday, a senior police officer has said.

Fallujah and Mosul are the two major Iraqi cities still controlled by ISIS.

Town encircled

In Syria, heavy fighting between ISIS and rebels gripped the outskirts of the opposition-held town of Marea on Saturday, a monitor and activist said.

ISIS attacked mainly from the east and north using tanks and two car bombs, said Maamoun Khateeb, a journalist and activist from Azaz.

“The situation of the displaced in the Azaz area is really bad” and will not improve as long as Turkey keeps its border closed to refugees, he said.

The UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs said the fighting had encircled some 13,500 people in the town.

ISIS swept through rebel-held territory in Aleppo province early Friday in a shock offensive, cutting off the main road between Marea and Azaz to the northeast.

The two towns have been vital stops along a rebel supply route from Turkey since falling to opposition forces in 2012.

Further east, US-led coalition warplanes targeted ISIS positions north of Raqa city, killing 45 ISIS fighters, said the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights monitoring group.

But the Syrian Democratic Forces, the Kurdish-Arab alliance fighting ISIS, was struggling to make further progress on Saturday, five days into its offensive, he said.

Turkey’s president meanwhile condemned US support for the alliance after AFP pictures revealed US commandos wearing the insignia of its Kurdish units, which Ankara has branded a terror group.

“Those who are our friends, who are with us in NATO… cannot, must not send their soldiers to Syria wearing YPG insignia,” Recep Tayyip Erdogan said. – Ammar Karim with Layal Abou Rahal in Beirut, AFP/Rappler.com