2022 local campaigns start: Thousands of tight races, hundreds of no contests

MANILA, Philippines – Local electoral campaigns in the Philippines kick off on Friday, March 25, with thousands of one-on-one races and hundreds of unopposed bids expected to influence vote delivery for presidential candidates.

A total of 46,120 candidates are vying for 18,023 local positions, including those of governor, vice governor, provincial board member, congressional district representative, city and municipal mayor, city and municipal vice mayor, and city and municipal councilors. (The number of candidates already excludes those who have withdrawn but whose names have already been printed on the ballots.)

Just in time for the start of local campaigns, the Commission on Elections (Comelec) on March 17 dropped its requirement for permits for rallies and other activities in areas under pandemic alert levels 1 and 2 – practically the entire country. Campaign organizers and election lawyers assisting candidates had earlier complained that the poll body’s pandemic campaign rules were open to abuse, sowed confusion, and were impractical.

With COVID-19 cases dropping, the Comelec looks at relaxing its campaign guidelines that were crafted when most of the country was under Alert Level 3, or more restrictive pandemic status.

Comelec data and Rappler research reveal interesting developments at the local level that could prove to be unique to the first-ever Philippine elections conducted amid a pandemic, as well as affect the battle that looks like a repeat of the snap presidential polls of 36 years ago: the dictator’s son and a widow are currently the frontrunners in voters’ preferences.

Unopposed candidates

There are 845 unopposed local candidates for 2022, a huge increase from the more than 500 we reported in the past 3 elections.

If only the posts of governor, vice governor, mayor, vice mayor, and congressional representative would be counted, the total of unopposed bets – 516 – would not be far from the numbers in recent elections.

What drives the increase in numbers in 2022 is the number of sure-win provincial board members and city and municipal councilors – positions that have multiple seat allotments. This means there are a number of entire slates without challengers. While this had happened in the past, Rappler didn’t count them because the phenomenon was not as pronounced as in the 2022 polls.

Here’s a breakdown of unopposed candidates:

9 governors
11 vice governors
45 provincial board members
39 district House representatives
203 city and municipal mayors
254 city and municipal vice mayors
284 city and municipal councilors

The unopposed gubernatorial candidates are in:

LUZON: Ilocos Sur, Apayao, Bataan, Tarlac
VISAYAS: Southern Leyte
MINDANAO: Davao Occidental, Davao Oriental, Agusan del Sur, Sulu

Unopposed candidates need only one vote to get elected. Since they don’t have their own bids to push, they are expected to be able to focus on campaigning for their presidential, vice presidential, and other national candidates.

One-on-one races

The reverse is expected from 3,380 candidates, who may be hard put to campaign for their national allies. They are facing one-on-one battles over 1,690 local posts. Specifically:

For governor in 20 provinces
For vice governor in 30 provinces
For congressional representative in 92 districts
For mayor in 746 cities and municipalities
For vice mayor in 802 cities and municipalities

The one-on-one gubernatorial fights are in:

LUZON: Ilocos Norte, La Union, Batanes, Cagayan, Nueva Vizcaya, Quirino, Mountain Province, Aurora, Nueva Ecija, Pampanga, Romblon, Masbate
VISAYAS: Guimaras, Iloilo, Siquijor, Biliran, Samar
MINDANAO: Davao del Norte, Sultan Kudarat, Dinagat Islands

Independents

There are 11,137 independents, or almost 1 in every 4 candidates. They are:

83 for governor
44 for vice governor
387 for provincial board member
146 for congressman/woman
887 for mayor
652 for vice mayor
1,058 for city councilor
7,880 for municipal councilor

Party mates of ‘presidentiables’ a minority

The most number of candidates next to independents are with President Rodrigo Duterte’s party, PDP-Laban. They are followed by those from:

Nacionalista Party of former Senate president Manny Villar, whose son Mark is running for senator
Nationalist People’s Coalition (NPC), chaired by vice presidential contender Senate President Vicente Sotto III
Lakas, which is vice presidential candidate Sara Duterte’s party and headed by presidential candidate Ferdinand Marcos Jr.’s cousin, House Majority Floor Leader and Leyte congressman Martin Romualdez
National Unity Party, which was created in support of Gloria Macapagal Arroyo when she was president and concurrent chairperson of Lakas

Taken together, these five parties have 20,621 candidates or close to half (45%) of all local candidates. Except for the NPC, these parties have endorsed the Marcos-Duterte ticket.

Interestingly, none of the presidential candidates are running under the banner of these biggest political parties. Their party mates are, in fact, a minority among local bets.

Of the 10 presidential candidates, 3 are independent: former presidential spokesman Ernesto Abella, Senator Panfilo Lacson (of Partido Reporma until March 24), and Vice President Leni Robredo.

The rest of the candidates for the highest post have been nominated by either small parties or resurrected ones – those which had captured only few seats in past elections, if not largely inactive.

Of these, two small parties got a boost from the candidates who agreed to become their standard-bearers:

Aksyon Demokratiko, whose presidential bet is Manila Mayor Isko Moreno Domagoso, has 1,968 local candidates. It’s the next biggest party this election after the top 5.
Partido Federal ng Pilipinas (PFP), whose presidential bet is former senator Marcos Jr., has 1,527 local candidates.

The parties of the eight “presidentiables” – Aksyon, PFP, Partido Lakas ng Masa, Partido Demokratiko Sosyalista ng Pilipinas, Partido para sa Demokratikong Reporma (formerly with Lacson, now supporting Robredo), Katipunan ng Kamalayang Kayumanggi, Democratic Party of the Philippines, and Abag Promdi – have a combined 5,487 candidates, or just 12% of the total local candidates.

Governors of vote-rich provinces start choosing presidential bets

Among the 20 vote-richest provinces, only nine governors have so far unequivocally declared the presidential candidates they are supporting, with a few promising to deliver a specific number of votes, or actually going beyond declaring support or hosting one-time rallies. They are in:

Cavite – for Marcos
Pangasinan – for Marcos
Bulacan – for Robredo
Negros Occidental – for Robredo
Batangas – for Marcos
Iloilo – for Robredo
Quezon – for Marcos
Leyte – for Marcos
Isabela – for Marcos

While these governors are not exactly unopposed, they are seen to be strong enough not to be dislodged by their challengers, and are therefore expected to be able to attend to their presidential bets’ campaigns – Cavite’s Jonvic Remulla (for Marcos) and Negros Occidental’s Eugenio Lacson (for Robredo), for example.

In certain provinces, even rival gubernatorial candidates are endorsing the same presidential bets – such as in Pangasinan, where the strongest of four contenders, reelectionist Governor Amado Espino III and former Binalonan mayor Ramon Guico, have endorsed Marcos.

Bookmark Rappler’s 2022 election site to keep you updated on the local and national campaigns, and for helpful guides and informative trackers related to the polls.

For the list of candidates per province and in Metro Manila, go here: