Powers and Duties: President, Vice President of the Philippines

President

Term of Office

6 years, starting at noon of June 30 immediately following election day
Not eligible for reelection

Qualifications

Natural-born Filipino
Registered voter
Able to read and write
40 years old by the day of election
Resident of the Philippines for 10 years before election
Must not have succeeded as president and held that office for more than 4 years

Powers and Responsibilities

Create issuances (executive orders, administrative orders, proclamations, memorandum orders, memorandum circulars, and general or special orders)
Appoint heads of executive departments, ambassadors, military officials (rank colonel or naval captain and above), members of the Judicial and Bar Council, members of the Supreme Court and lower courts, and chairpersons of the constitutional commissions (Civil Service Commission, Commission on Elections, Commission on Audit)
Appoint undersecretaries and assistant secretaries of executive departments, upon the nomination of the secretary of each department
Appoint directors and assistant directors of bureaus, regional and assistant regional directors, department service chiefs, or any equivalent positions as stated in the Constitution and the Administrative Code of 1987
Head the National Security Council
Supervise all local governments
Act as Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of the Philippines
Suspend the privilege of the writ of habeas corpus, but only to persons charged with rebellion or directly connected with invasion
Place the whole or part of the Philippines under martial law, upon the approval of Congress
Grant reprieves, issue pardons, or remit fines/forfeitures after a judgement has been passed
Grant amnesties with the concurrence of a majority of all the members of the Congress
Contract or guarantee foreign loans on behalf of the country, with the approval of the Monetary Board
Certify the necessity of the enactment of a legislative bill to meet a public calamity or emergency
Approve or veto all bills passed by Congress
Veto any item in an appropriation, revenue, or tariff bill
Submit a budget of expenditures and sources of financing to Congress as a basis for the general appropriations bill
Address Congress before or during the opening of its regular session
Deport or decide the non-immigrant status of foreigners in the Philippines
Direct the Solicitor General to acquire private property for public use (eminent domain)
Direct the Solicitor General to acquire properties from deceased persons who have left no will and do not have any legal heirs
Direct the Solicitor General to recover the ill-gotten wealth of public officials or employees

Succession

If the president’s office is vacated due to death, permanent disability, removal from office, or resignation, the following persons will assume the office until a new president is elected:

Vice president
Senate president
Speaker of the House of Representatives

Sources: 1987 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines; Administrative code of 1987 (EO 292 1987)

Vice President

Term of Office

6 years, starting at noon of June 30 immediately following election day
Eligible for 1 reelection

Qualifications

Natural-born Filipino
Registered voter
Able to read and write
40 years old by the day of election
Resided of the Philippines for 10 years before elections

Powers and Responsibilities

Assume the position of the president in the event that the office becomes vacant
Can be a member of the president’s Cabinet without confirmation from the Commission on Appointments
Serve as an executive committee member in the National Security Council